Marketing Plan Outline Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Advertising Plan Outline - Assignment Example Market Summary: This segment gives the believability of entering the picked market of Bakersfield. Right now individuals are progressively dependent on cleaning administrations for being occupied and over outfitted with the work-life balance. This factor gives the organization to enter the market with fresher and better offices, similar to home conveyances. SWOT Analysis: uncovers that presently the organization has the assets and capacities to enter this market. There are no severe standards and guidelines encompassing this territory of business. Individuals are inviting new and better administrations with restricted time accessible to them for dropping and getting their garments and different things. The quality, thus, lies in conveying the administrations at their entryway step, suing advancements to make it simpler for them to profit the administrations and giving preferred outcomes over others. Rivalry: Wash N Dry and Today Dry cleaners are the nearest contenders with many repea ting and fulfilled clients. Be that as it may, the administration separation of giving home conveyance office is an undeniable advantage for the customers. Besides, the utilization of innovation would upgrade the believability and spare customers time to visit the shop. Items/Services: The procedure to catch the working populace and spare their time will be alluring to the Bakersfield advertise. Lion's share of the populace is from an average workers. Expanded long periods of work in various move of representatives would be useful in making adaptability for the customers to complete their laundries at their straightforwardness. Also, home conveyance would spare them time and voyaging costs which is an extra to the great administrations the organization offers. Keys to Success: This area gives the way in to the accomplishment of our business. The fundamental thought proposed is to close the hole between customer desire and real assistance conveyed. Thus, the thought is to make an inc entive for the client and impart that esteem appropriately. Basic Issues: The basic issues to be considered are talked about in three primary concerns including The Pre-opening showcasing of the administration, the money saving advantage investigation of home Delivery and The definition of Promotional Strategy that underpins business points. 2.1 Market Summary The objective market of Bakersfield, California is appealing for the laundry organizations. The business rates among the two people are high, allowing for them to perform family unit assignments. So as to complete their clothing, they settle on the specialist co-ops effectively and economically accessible. The bustling populace doesn't get sufficient opportunity to visit oneself assistance dry-cleaning and clothing shops, thus, drop-off organizations like Today Cleaners are presented. The administration gives time-reserve funds to the clients which is exceptionally valued and acknowledged. Figure 1: (Britt, 2006) The populace development rate is about 40.6% since 2000 which is significantly higher than different territories of the US. Roughly 3.5 million individuals are living in Bakersfield (USA.com). The middle family unit salary in Bakersfield shows an expanding pattern of roughly 35% which shows their preferred expectations for everyday comforts over previously. The business rate is about 88.5% in June 2013, as detailed by U.S. Agency of Labor

THE POLITICAL EVENTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES THAT INFLUENCED GABRIEL GARCIA Essay

THE POLITICAL EVENTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES THAT INFLUENCED GABRIEL GARCIA MARQUEZ IN THE LEAF STORM - Essay Example Colombia is a South American nation that is affected firmly by Spanish guideline and is the site of a few worldwide exchange for nations like USA, France and Britain for more than four centuries now(Henderson 2). Gabriel Garcia Marquez is a Colombian essayist who has composed books that mirror the financial and social real factors of his coutry. This paper looks at the book, Leaf Storm which presents the striking realities about a fanciful town, Macondo situated in Colombia. It takes a gander at the political occasions and factors that went about as establishment for Marquez to compose the book and its suggestions in relations to that period of Colombian history. Leaf Storm is an account about the musings and perspectives on three ages of a family; a granddad (Colonel), a girl and a grandson. Every one of them offer their perspectives and thoughts about a contention including the Colonel’s family and the individuals of Macondo who have an extraordinary disdain for a dead man who was the visitor of the house for a long time. The perished, who happened o be a specialist, was seen by the townsfolk as coldblooded on the grounds that he would not treat individuals from the town who were injured in the country’s common war however he was able to. The individuals of Macondo consequently imagined that the perished didn't merit a typical Christian internment. Then again, the Colonel had made a pledge to the expired to play out his entombment, since he had no known relatives. To pay tribute to his guarantee, the colonel looked to get the dead specialist a typical entombment and as individuals from his family, his girl and grandson needed to help him in their contention against the individuals of Macondo. The book subsequently gives records of the occasions from three points of view; a more seasoned man, a youngster and a guiltless kid. Every one of these portrayals demonstrate solid connects to Colombia’s political and social history. The portrayal gives off an impression of being set in 1909 (Marquez 2), a period connected with the various changes that happened in Colombia’s history including the Thousand Day War (1899 †1902) and the foundation of various banana ranches including the United Fruit Company, which turned into a typical element in the vast majority of Latin America in that point ever. These two occasions accompanied such a significant number of difficulties and endeavor that decided the governmental issues of the time. Pelayo(28) recognizes three significant occasions throughout the entire existence of Colombia that are characterized unpretentiously through the works of Leaf Storm. T hey include: 1. The appearance of the Banana Company 2. The individuals that the Banana Company pulled in (the leaf storm) 3. The finish of the Colombian Civil War The Thousand Day War Prior to 1909, the year the portrayal was set, there was a war in Colombia somewhere in the range of 1899 and 1902 known as the Thousand Day War. It included the individuals from the two significant political customs of the nation: the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party. The nonconformists blamed the traditionalists for holding power through political decision misrepresentation and this prompted the initiation of a war that saw monstrous demolition of properties and human lives the nation over (Henderson 54). This war was likewise energized by financial emergencies brought about by the falling espresso costs on the global market. This pattern demonstrated the requirement for the expansion of the country’s economy by planting different yields like bananas to help Colombia and forestall ove rdependence on espresso sends out. In spite of the fact that Marquez doesn't allude to the Thousand Day War legitimately in the book, it tends to be gathered sensibly that the 10 or so men who were injured and requested treatment from the expired specialist were engaged with that war. Additionally, they seem, by all accounts, to be battling on the radicals and the dead specialist appeared to safeguard his respectability by swearing off the treatment of revolutionaries. This obviously shows the degree individuals went to take and ensure their situations in the Thousand Day War. This shows there were a few elites and moderates who adhered to the decision government when the war won. This additionally shows the

Things to Do While Waiting for Decisions

Things to Do While Waiting for Decisions A couple weeks ago someone asked what I did to pass the time while I was waiting for early action decisions. I know theres no real way you can get it off your mind completely; after all, youre on the MIT admissions site right now reading about MIT students lives. But there are a few things I can think of.. Things To Do While Waiting For College Admissions Decisions 1. Dream about getting into colleges that dont exist. (Direct quote from a friend last year I had a dream that I got into Belle and Sebastian University. I was like, Belle and Sebastian! Awesome, I got into my back-up school!!') 2. Have long talks with your friends about your future. Then write a song about it. Preferably in the style of 80s hair metal. (Next year Im going to college, and there we will gain lots of knowledge) 3. Think hard about not being one of those people who lists all the colleges they got into in their AIM profile. (As much fun as it is being pompous and loathed by everybody, just dont do it. Nobody likes that guy. You dont want to be that guy, do you?) 4. Learn to cook a new dish. (Like those spam recipes you get in the advertisements on your spam folder page in Gmail.) 5. Write thank-you letters to your teachers who wrote your recommendations and read your essays, your guidance counselors, even your teachers who didnt do anything specifically towards your applications but you like talking to, or whatever. It doesnt matter whether or not they directly helped you get in; these people helped shape who you are today. (Write one to your mother, while youre at it. Shes a good lady.) 6. Make ublec. One part cornstarch, one part water. Enjoy! (Even if youre not waiting for college decisions, this is something you should do. Even if youre the one writing college recommendation letters. Seriously, Ms. Schutz, I highly recommend it.) 7. Go to class and keep those grades up. Avoid unhealthy things like doing drugs, going to jail, or eating trans fats. (Its all fun and games until someone gets coronary heart disease.) 8. Check out the schools you applied to or are planning to apply to, if you can. (Seriously, nothing excites us more than hosting prefrosh. And Greys Anatomy. But mostly prefrosh.) 9. Pass your last physics exam by epic proportions. NO WAIT, THAT WAS ME. HAHAHA! I RULE. I mean.. who said that? 10. Not think about it. (College? Your mom goes to college.) So there you have it. Plenty of options to get you through the next 6-ish days! Hope your Thanksgivings were full of food and family and laughter mine (as well as the recent discovery that my guy friends on the fourth floor have Guitar Hero II) was part of the reason this entry is so overdue, as I slacked way too much and didnt even think about the chemistry test I had this Wednesday (my bad). I guess I dont regret it too much since I was having so much crazy fun with my family, especially when my cousin Kerrie and I got matching haircuts. But thats a story for another time.. anyway, family togetherness is always welcome. Well.. almost always. Kerrie: Hey, if youre American in the living room, whatre you in the bathroom? Elsa: What? Kerrie: European! Elsa: Hey, Sunmi, if youre American in Me: IM IN THE SHOWER! GET OUT!

Gender and Depression - 855 Words

1. Summary of the paper (max. 250 words). 25% of credit. In this section, you need to briefly explain what question the paper was trying to address, and whether they successfully answered the question. 2. Methodology (max. 150 words). 25% of credit. Explain in more detail exactly what methods have been used to address the questions presented by the paper. If the paper describes many different methodologies, select the two you considered more relevant and describe those in your paper. If relevant, describe the sample or population used in the study (e.g., children, adults, college students, etc). 3. Results (max. 150 words). 25% of credit. Explain what has been found with this line of research, including some sense of what the†¦show more content†¦This issue was clearly defined and elaborated upon by the author. Her supplied evidence was sufficient enough to come to a probable conclusion and derive further hypothesis. 2. Some methodologies used by the author include correlative research and experimental research. Correlative research is used because the author examines how, because females are less able to regulate hormones they, correlatively, are less able to release hormones that could help them from becoming depressed. Thus, a correlation can be found in the rate of depression to the amount of stressors placed on females and their biological inability to regulate them effectively. Experimental research is used in the way that certain behaviors were studied in both females and males, then compared to each other to determine a solution to a gender specific issue. Experimentation is also used in the analyzing of females’ ability to cope with sexual assault and how it retards the developmental processes in the emotional and social fields. 3. As a result of this research, it is universally agreed upon that females are more susceptible to depression because of their gender specific stressful situations and their inability to deal withShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Gender On Depression And Depression868 Words   |  4 Pages The Effects of Gender on Depression Men and women are biologically similar in regards to the hormones and chemicals involved with depression. However socially, each gender encounters different social afflictions that can often lead them into depressive states. In this essay, we will explore the common struggles that each gender experiences and how these realities effect their contrasting developments of depression. One common cause of depression that can be found no matter where you are in theRead MoreGender Differences in Depression3018 Words   |  13 PagesCURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 173 Gender Differences in Depression Susan Nolen-Hoeksema1 Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Abstract From early adolescence through adulthood, women are twice as likely as men to experience depression. Many different explanations for this gender difference in depression have been offered, but none seems to fully explain it. Recent research has focused on gender differences in stress responses, and in exposure toRead MoreGender, Depression And Levels Of Intervention1545 Words   |  7 Pages ASSIGNMENT Gender, depression and levels of intervention Majok 3/5/2015 Medical, behavioural, Ecological and social approaches to depression and primary, secondary and tertiary intervention strategies â€Æ' INTRODUCTION It has been discovered that women are suffering more than men with the psychological disorders such as depression. There are many reasons behind it such as interpersonal violence. There are many intervention methods that have been introduced to manage this issue. One approach isRead MoreThe Great Depression ´s Impact on Gender Roles1482 Words   |  6 PagesLisa Cianciulli November 12th, 2013 The Great Depression’s Impact on Gender Roles Change and hardship go hand in hand, because when hard times emerge society is forced to change. During the Great Depression the idea of gender roles stirred up a great deal of controversy but it also opened the door for change. It gave society a push into a new direction. In order to survive, a number of people had to move away from their traditional way of living in order to take care of their household (GoutourRead MoreChildhood Depression : A Serious Disease That Affects People Of All Genders And Ages1589 Words   |  7 PagesDepression is a serious disease that affects people of all genders and ages, but there are many ways to cope with depression. Evert and McGillivray (2014) studied the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on the presence of depression symptoms, anxiety, and stress in males and females with autism. People with autism tend to experience greater levels of depression, anxiety, and stress than those without autism. Cognitive behavioral therapy includes seve ral sessions addressing issues such as identifyingRead MoreProblems Related to Identifying/Diagnosing and the Assessment of Depression in Adolescents Taking Into Account Gender and Contextual Factors.2291 Words   |  10 PagesPYC4802 PSYCHOPATHOLOGY Discuss problems related to identifying/diagnosing and the assessment of depression in adolescents taking into account gender and contextual factors. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Definition of terms used 3. Epidemiology of depression in adolescents 4. Major Depressive Disorder: Assessment and Diagnosis 4.1 Clinical presentation of symptoms as per the DSM IV (Adults) 4.2 Clinical presentationRead MoreProblems Related to Identifying, Diagnosing and Assessing Depression in Adolescents When Taking Into Account Gender and Other Contextual Factors.3528 Words   |  15 Pagesand assessing depression in adolescents when taking into account gender and other contextual factors. Table of Contents Introduction Developmental stage of adolescence Defining mood disorders Mood disorders in adolescents Diagnosing and classifying depression in adolescents Assessment and treatment of depression in adolescents How gender influences depression in adolescents Contextual factors related to depression in adolescents Other factors that influence depression in adolescents Read MorePersonality Assessment Inventory1448 Words   |  6 PagesPersonality Assessment Inventory Introduction The Beck Depression Inventory is a testing tool which is used to evaluate the continuation and severity of the symptoms of depression, as recorded in the DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 2000). The test includes questions which asses the symptoms of serious depression, which may possibly call for hospitalization. The latest revised edition replaces the BDI and the BDI-1A, which includesRead MoreVariations in the Experience of Depression1302 Words   |  5 PagesGender Differences in Depression This focus elaborates the place of gender in determining depression levels. It states that females experience twice as much depression as men. This is as a result of social forces and cognitive behavioral differences between women and men. The focus notes that women in communities with distinct traditional gender roles tend to have higher stress levels than societies where there are no major divides between gender roles. There are various factors that cause womenRead MoreEvaluate The Difference Of The Differences Between Males And Females?1342 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough magnetic field pulses. The pulse stimulates a nerve cells in the desired small part of the brain (The National Institute of Mental Health). When this treatment was used on both sexes, the efficacy of this treatment is differed not through gender. Through the study, it was found that males and premenopausal females had no difference in response to rTMS; it was the postmenopausal females that had a different response . RTMS was less effective to postmenopausal females than the other two groups

Worth of Fairy Tales in Jeanette Wintersons quot;the...

When saying that there are certain folk or fairy tales about herself, Jeanette Winterson could not be more right, because there are indeed several myths surrounding her person. For many people Wintersons sexuality is the golden key to her public persona. Although she correctly states that `[she is] a writer who happens to like women, [and] not a lesbian who happens to write most critics are only too willing to interpret her writing in an autobiographical way and restrict her to the literary persona of a lesbian writer only. However, this whole obsession about her sexuality is not the only myth surrounding her. Furthermore, critical opinion likes to describe her as a novelist who feels the constant need to defend her writing against the†¦show more content†¦However, although the story of The Passion greatly relies on mythical elements, it is not correct to categorise this novel simply as a example of magic realism. When taking a closer look at her use of fairy tales, it is s oon clear that there is much more to The Passion than can be seen at first sight. Jeanette Winterson does not simply include fairy tale elements into her novel, but she makes the readers to see this book as a fairy tale itself. Contrary to the tendency of magic realism to `draw upon the energies of fable, folktale and myth while retaining a strong contemporary relevance, Winterson succeeds in spreading the fairy tale elements all over her novel, and thus leaves hardly space for a connection to a realistic story. Consequently, there simply is no realism in this book. Although the novel seems to be entirely historical (and thus rather realistic), when considering its setting during the time of Napoleon and its complete lack of connecting the plot to the present, there are hardly any elements to be found in the story. As a result, we can conclude that Jeanette Winterson is simply not interested in realism, but she wants to play with the convention of fairy tales. For her the represent ation of the story of this novel as a fairy tale is the most important thing. Therefore, the device of history is only used in order to fulfil that

Successful companies Free Essays

Introduction E-commerce had brought much alteration in manner concern. It is enabled concerns to link with each other in new manner of thought in every country on commercialism. The turnover from usual concern to e-commerce has anticipated transcending far so expected by witness. We will write a custom essay sample on Successful companies or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many companies presents utilizing e-commerce had been successfully gained more net income in their concern such as amazon.com, e-Bay and mudah.com. These companies have their ain characteristics that show them as the extremely rated successful companies. Most of these companies besides have good schemes in be aftering their concern that enables them to success. The Successful Companies through E-Commerce Amazon and E-bay is among company which allowed dealing electronically. There are the precursor in e-commerce that successfully success until today. Nowadays there are 5 most successful company utilizing e-commerce, Amazon, Dell, Staples, Office Depot and Hewlett Packard. Amazon.com ( 1994 ) is one of the most celebrated e-commerce companies and founded by Jeff Bezos. Today, Amazon offers everything from books and electronics to tennis rackets and diamond jewellery. Harmonizing to the research conducted, Amazon.com attracted about over 615 million clients every twelvemonth. The ability of online friendly web site by Amazon is one of the key of success for this company. Another company that been successfully in e-commerce is Dell Inc. Dell.com has made rapid paces, the company has achieved large net income in on-line gross revenues. The company ‘s effectual scheme of selling merchandises without retail has been admired by clients and many e-commerce traders imitate their scheme. Equally same as Amazon, Dell success cardinal factor is on-line friendly web site. Most of successful companies achieve success by holding their ain features and characteristics that led them. Effective schemes besides the cardinal factor the company ‘s success accomplishment. Features of Successful E-Commerce Company Many companies use e-commerce as one of the ways to derive net income. For each successful company, they have assorted characteristics that help them in e-commerce concern. The first characteristic is a clear vision and end. The company must cognize precisely what they want to accomplish in this concern. Second characteristic is dare taking deliberate hazard. The key to success is make bolding to take necessary hazard and considered investing as fuel of concern in e-commerce. Following is, successful sites employ good advisers. By holding adviser that can be trusted is indispensable. It is because company merely can derive if holding panels of experts that can rede in modulating scheme, tactic and spread out the concern. Another characteristic is successful sites can encompass engineering and alteration. Keeping abreast of developments online is the key in on-line selling, alteration in on-line manner and understand manner to read web analysis. The 5th characteristic is forbearance and a long-run position. The company invariably step if they are bit by bit acquiring to their end. More characteristics are a committedness to and uninterrupted betterment. The success company knew what they should make and ever do betterment. Last is, success company must believe that there is no short cuts to do net income. There is some e-business people want to derive million of net income but trusting it come by making nil. Success company knew that is incorrect. By keep focussing, difficult work, changeless betterment and committedness there are the existent manner to success in e-commerce concern. Strategic Moves That Led Companies to Success? Fine method and scheme can take companies to success. They are several ways that has been listed as strategic moves to take companies to success. First is Well-Positioned Online Brand. The companies must take the market able trade name name for their web site. A trade name name will pull clients to the company ‘s web site and can assist guarantee clients about the quality of the offering, the truth of the information, can advance client trueness and the security of the web minutess. Second, Online-Friendly Offerings. It is about the choice and diverseness of the company merchandise. The companies must make up one’s mind what merchandises to offer on the web site. Another diverseness is offering clients the ability to obtain alone merchandise or information. The diverseness are of import because it allows clients to command the merchandise picks and at the same clip it can construct clients trueness. The 3rd move is Reliable Customers Service. It is to animating trueness among clients. For the company to success the client must swear the company and its web site. Trust can be built through confidence of privateness and dealing security and by supplying accurate information. As illustrations, many people purchase at Amazon.com instead than other web site because it can be trusted by clients. Last, Right Business Planning.It is to get support, nonfinancial resources and to obtain a realistic attack to the concern. Important Elementss in Implementing the Scheme There are many elements that guide E-Commerce schemes to success. It is such as is to see full integrating, partial corporate integrating, and concern unit integrating all has positive facets as schemes for e-commerce and are feasible picks. Another component is companies must carefully organize new online services to heighten and protect their trade name. Following is, in implementing and explicating e-commerce scheme throughout company operations, it must include Multi-channel coordination as the cardinal success factor. More elements are successful e-commerce scheme must include particular attending to client service as it is core constituent of company scheme. A proper balance the usage of commoditized solutions and alone utilizations of e-commerce can assist company use effectivity. It is to derive competitory advantage in scheme. Decision As decision, e-commerce concern helps a batch trader to spread out their concern. Net income achieved go oning turning for companies those involve in this electronic dealing concern. It as we can see in achievement Amazon.com, E-bay and Mudah.com. More proud, now found many bargainers begin utilizing e-commerce as one of the ways promotes their goods. Most successful companies in e-commerce have steady characteristics that been a key to their success. This including the scheme that been used such as good concern program, online friendly web site, dependable clients services, committedness in pull offing concern, do betterment in services. With the right schemes, many traders can easy derive more net income and spread out their concern around the universe. How to cite Successful companies, Essay examples

Accessing prior knowledge through hands on experie Essay Example For Students

Accessing prior knowledge through hands on experie Essay nceThe importance of prior knowledge and the life experiences of a child play a significant role in the learning of new concepts. When a child can connect what they already know with new ideas and vocabulary, they can better grasp new concepts and take more interest in the subject matter. Strength in language arts is vital to learning any text whether it is mathematics, science or social studies. What can educators do to incorporate text to bring more meaning to a childs learning experience? Guillaume suggests several ideas which reflect the literature on content area reading and learning. One idea is to access and build prior knowledge with the use of manipulatives and multimedia presentations. In order to encourage discussion in the classroom display several meaningful real life objects, artifacts, models, photographs, etc. The children will have the opportunity to observe these objects and ask questions. Comparisons can be made between what they are seeing and what they already know. Experiments such as making a volcano with household ingredients can demonstrate to a child the action of a live volcano thus bringing interest to text referring to changing landforms. Use a salting process so the students can witness the corrosion of metals. These experiments have much more impact on a child than the simple reading of text. They now have prior knowledge to relate to the concept. Guillaume, Andrea M. (1998). Learning with text in the primary grades. The Reading Teacher, 51, 476-486.

Food for Thought free essay sample

Think, pasta and grains, fruits and vegetables, fish, poultry and lean meats, and of course dessert. Hungry? Now think mystery, biographies, fantasies, poetry, myths, fairy tales, realistic, historical, and science fiction and of course non-fiction. Confused? In Translating Literature into Life written by Arnold Bennett, he made the statement. â€Å"â€Å"†¦we†- will sit down to a great book as though we were sitting down to a ham sandwich. † (53) This is a most interesting analogy. I have thought about the analogy in two ways. I hope you’ve eaten before reading this paper. However, if the paper is missing a chunk out of it by the end I will understand, because I am about to relate food and reading in the most â€Å"tasteful† way, so literally it’s going to be food for thought. Firstly, in younger grades most teachers really focused on different writing methods, one in particular was identified as the â€Å"sandwich method,† which really meant a paragraph writing strategy that utilized a concrete graphic organizer that helped make learning to create a complete paragraph easy. We will write a custom essay sample on Food for Thought or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It included a topic sentence, details, and a closing sentence. The sandwich organizer is used to help visualize thoughts. Looking at the bigger picture, you could also relate it to any type of good literature, a beginning and end (the bread) and details, which could be, the climax or the best part of the writing (the meat in the middle), which ties in with another method of writing, called the â€Å"hamburger method,† which was taught to us when learning to write expository and persuasive essays. This organizer helps students see how each paragraph in the Five-Paragraph Essay relates with the other paragraphs. These two examples of food relate to writing. I am taking this reflection of the analogy a â€Å"ham sandwich† to a whole other level though. The second way I looked at this analogy was actually comparing any type of food to any type of book or piece of writing. I know when I was younger, if I completed a good task or had gotten hurt, I was rewarded with my favorite food. Now I look at reading as a reward, because one of the greatest things to do for yourself is to keep your mind active (there are several studies that prove this). An easy way to keep your mind active is picking up a book and reading it; furthermore when your feeling down it is common for a good piece of writing to leave a happy impression on a person. Food tastes better the hungrier you are, and reading is more effective depending on how â€Å"hungry† to learn you are. Both food and writing are more enjoyable when, â€Å"savored,† or â€Å"digested† slower, meaning that when something is good you want the feeling to last longer. Everyone has there own opinions about foods and books, but people will never know there own opinion until they actually try for themselves, and for all the picky eaters and readers, their is something that fits you, you may just need to expand your horizons. Remember though a type of food may look foul or a book might look boring, but maybe the food could be considered a delicacy or the book a classic. Always have an open mind when introducing yourself to a new type of food or piece of writing you may be happy with the outcome if you try it. Although food has a few more downsides, (Canada would be better off with people who like to read too much, rather then people called obese) there are many ways to relate eating and reading because both elements are stimulants for the body and mind, and there are so many types of the two groupings. Both are just temporary solutions when trying to escape â€Å"reality. † Reading and eating also relate to patterns, negative and positive; why you eat may be the same reason you read. Some people may say they are anxious, frustrated, bored, angry, sad, or lonely. The saying â€Å"Food for Thought† is considered anything that provides mental stimulus for thinking, and I think that is an important thing to keep in mind.

Innovation, creativity and design

Innovation, creativity and design Innovation refers to the process of translating a particular idea or invention to a product or service to be paid for by people. This means that innovation involves an economic cost in an effort to satisfy a particular need. For innovation to be effective, a great deal of imagination, creativity and initiative is required in order to derive a high value. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Innovation, creativity and design specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Rossouw (2009, p.409), innovation is an important avenue through which a business enterprise develop its competitive advantage. Businesses which are not innovative in their operation process experience retarded growth and development. On the other hand, design entails the process of working out the structure of something. In addition, design acts as the plan to be used in the process of developing a product or service. Considering the intensity of competit ion among businesses, incorporation of the concept of designing is vital. For example, designing helps a business enterprise to differentiate itself from other enterprises in the same industry. As a result, the firm is able to attract and retain a high customer base due to its ability to provide products and services which culminate into utility maximization among customers. Creativity refers to the proficiency of coming up effective ideas and translating them into reality. In business, creativity is the ability to do things differently in an enhanced and inventive manner. It is an essential concept of innovation because it is associated with lateral thinking thus coming up with new ideas. According to Proctor (2005, p.6), entrepreneurs can be able to develop new products and services to address the market needs through creativity. This means that creativity enables enterprises to cope with the dynamic business environment. In addition, creativity enables business to attain an eff ective market position hence increasing its competitive capacity. Similarities and differences Innovation, design and creativity bear some similarities since the three are concerned with strategic positioning of business enterprises. A business with an appalling blend of the three requisites is described as old-fashioned. Business should continuously innovate, design, and create in order to attract potential customers and retain the existing ones. As a result, a high customer base will be attained. Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For a business to withstand the mounting competition, it must have a professional team responsible for conducting market research. This will enable the firm to establish viable improvements essential to the business. In addition, the research team collectively with the innovative team should furnish the ways of implementing and managing t he desired innovations. Despite the strong link between the three concepts, there are a number of differences which exist between the two. For example, creativity entails the process of generating new ideas or actions. On the other hand, innovation is the process via which creative and new ideas generated are applied. Design is an idea or a product that has been developed from an acknowledged need. In other words, innovation is a brilliant new concept while design refers to the structure of products. In addition, the three influence the performance of business differently. Conclusion Entrepreneurs should consider incorporation of the concepts of innovations, design and creativity in their operation. This is due to the benefits associated with these concepts in ensuring that their businesses succeed in a competitive environment. Many businesses have benchmarked other businesses’ ways of doing business while others have concentrated on perfecting their operations in order to gain improved returns. In order to improve their performance compared to their competitors, firm’s management teams should increase their focus on innovation, design and creativity. Reference List Proctor, T. (2005). Creative problem solving for managers: developing skills for decision making and innovation. London: Routledge. Rossouw, D. (2009). Business management: a contemporary approach. Claremont: Juta and company Limited.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Innovation, creativity and design specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Theories of motivation in competitive sport Essay

Theories of motivation in competitive sport - Essay Example One of the main aims and focus of all people involved in competitive sports is the ability to motivate the athletes. This has been a major focused issue as in a competitive game, the only things that separates the competitors is the motivation that they have. There are a number of different techniques and skills used by both the athletes and the coaches to motivate the individuals and to perform better in the competitions. There have been a number of motivational techniques used by coaches to ensure that the individual performance is optimum and there have also been a number of researches that have been conducted in the field of sports psychology which has been mainly to discover the motivation techniques and secrets for better performance of the athletes. All the theories that have been developed over the years have been focused on several aspects of the individuals like the initiation, influence and also the modification of behavior. Several theories in the earlier times like those by Freud 1923 / 1962, Skinner 1953 / 1971, and also Hull 1943, highlighted a few factors and dealt with the deterministic aspects of the factors alone. For instance, Freud dealt with the instinctual drives, while Hull dealt with physiological drives and Skinner the environmental drives. These theories have proved to be very successful over the years; however there have been a number of criticism and concerns that have also been put forth in the past. The theories deal with the individuals in a method which states them to be passive beings and are those affected highly by the physiology and environment which leads their performance. However with time and with time and over the several researches that have been conducted, there have also been a number of different views and suggestions that have been developed by White, 1959. White proposed that people are more driven by the competent and effectiveness of their skills.

Talent Management In Abu Dhabi Aircraft Technologies (ADAT) Dissertation

Talent Management In Abu Dhabi Aircraft Technologies (ADAT) - Dissertation Example The research found that ADAT uses Talent Management, but the process is in a nascent stage where the understanding and awareness about it is extremely low, especially among the interviewed employees. ADAT has introduced several initiatives toward Talent Management which included developing the Centre of Excellence for Recruitment and Oracle Performance Management, but the organization appears to lack in an integrated and streamlined approach toward Talent Management. Moreover, the focus of the organization was revealed to be on recruiting external talent for its critical positions, which in turn led to employee dissatisfaction and demotivation – thus defeating the very purpose of Talent Management. The research recommends that ADAT develop a comprehensive framework for Talent Management that takes into account organizational structure and job positions, business goals and future prospects, and employee relations into account. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction I.1 Backg round and Research Overview 1.2 Research Questions 1.3 Research Methods 1.4 Research Significance 1.5 Dissertation Outline 1.6 Conclusions Chapter 2: Literature Review 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Definition and Overview of Talent Management/Human Capital Management 2.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Talent Management 2.4 Talent Management Models 2.5 Factors influencing Talent Management 2.6 Best Practices related to Talent Management 2.7 Challenges in Talent Management 2.8 Technical Talent Management and Airlines Industry 2.9 Future Outlook and Conclusion Chapter 3: Research Methodology 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Research Philosophy 3.3 Research Approach - Inductive 3.4 Research Methods - Qualitative 3.5 Research Design 3.5.1 Sampling 3.5.2 Data Collection Method 3.5.3 Data Collection Instrument 3.5.4 Method of Data Analysis 3.6 Reliability and Validity 3.7 Ethical Considerations 3.8 Conclusions Chapter 4: Findings and Analysis 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Findings and Discussion 4.3 Conclusions Chapte r 5: Conclusions and Discussions 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Summary of Findings 5.3 Recommendations 5.4 Limitations and Recommendations for Future Research List of Figures and Tables Figure 1: Basic Model of Source: Chaudhry, 2006 Figure 2: Factors Involved in Talent Management Figure: 3: High impact Talent Management Figure 4: Competency Model of Talent Management Figure 5: Talent Management Blueprint Figure 6: Types of staff involved in talent management activities, CIPD, 2006 Table 1: Management’s Perception of Performance and Potential Table 2: Employee Perception of Talent Table 3: Talent Management Program at ADAT Table 4: Employee Awareness of Career Progression at ADAT Table 5: Success Factors for Effective Talent Management Table 6: Effective Assessment of Talent Management Table 7: Current Status of Talent Management at ADAT Table 8: Challenges Faced by ADAT in TM implementation Table 9: Employees’ Perception of Talent Management List of Appendices Appendix A: Rese arch Questionnaire References Chapter 1: Introduction I.1 Introduction This chapter provides an overview of the research and its background and develops the research questions. It discusses the research methods used to achieve the

Analysis of the Indian Civil Aviation Industry

Analysis of the Indian Civil Aviation Industry Civil Aviation Scenario Evolution In December 1910, a party from Belgium and two from England with many aircrafts arrived in India. The first amongst them was famous Humber motor companies. The team was led by Capt WG Windham, comprising two pilots, one French and one English and two mechanics. After reaching Bombay (Mumbai) they proceeded to Allahabad to demonstrate the aircraft at the Industrial Exhibition due to be held there shortly. The first actual flight was successfully attained by Mr. David in a Beriot on the 10th of December 1910 circled the Polo ground at a height of 25 to 30 feet. The second aircraft flew the next day, December 11, 1910, under the control of French Pilot Piguet and carried the first passenger in India. He was one of the sons of the Maharaja of Benares In a show at Tollygunj, near Calcutta on December 21, 1910, in a show Baron flew with a lady passenger Mrs. N.C. Sen who thus became the first woman in India to get airborne. The history of civil aviation in India started with its first commercial flight on February 18, 1911. It was a journey from Allahabad to Naini made by a French pilot Monseigneur Piguet covering a distance of about 10 km over the river Yamuna. The first domestic air route Karachi-Delhi began in December 1912 by the Indian State Air Services in collaboration with the Imperial Airways, UK. It was actual extension of London-Karachi flight The Indian aviation gathered momentum after three years (1915) with the opening of a regular airmail service between Karachi and Madras by the first Indian airline- Tata Sons Limited October 15, 1932, JRD Tata started Tata Aviation and piloted the first carriage of mail from Karachi to Bombay. Tata Aviation later became Air India. At the time of Independence, there were 9 air transport companies operating in India. Tata Airlines, Indian National Airways, Air Service of India, Deccan Airways, Ambica Airways, Bharat Airways, Mistry Airways and Oriental Airways Air Corporation Act of 1953 was passed nationalising all airlines. Air India International took over the international traffic and Indian Airlines Corporation the domestic. Sector structure/Market size The Indian civil aviation industry is among the fastest growing industries in the world with its growth rate of 18% per annum. Number of players as well as the number of aircraft is increasing in India at it is mainly due to the open sky policy of the government, because of which many overseas players are entering in the aviation market. Today, private airlines account for around 75 per cent share of the domestic aviation market. India was at 12th position in the world’s aviation market in 2006, but it has improved its position holding 9th position at present.In the year 2006 the domestic air services were available at 75 airport in India which has improved up to 82 airports now. Month-wise Indian Scheduled Domestic Operation (Aircraft Kms Flown) of Civil Aviation in India (May 1988 to December 2008) In India the air passenger travel is increasing at about 25% a year since the aviation sector opened up the skies to private carriers. Government has estimated that by 2025 the growth of aviation sector in India will outpace the global average. Currently the aviation sector is going through bad phase which started from 2008 after economic slowdown hit the market in 2008, while year 2007 was the best ever in terms of growth for Indias civil aviation sector. The domestic airlines passenger load increased by 36.47 % (to 317.29 lakh passengers) in the first three quarters of 2007. International Air Transport Association (IATA), estimated about the Indian aviation sector that India will contribute significantly to global air travel. This contribution which was US$ 5.1 billion in 2007 will soon cross US$ 5.6 billion after the market condition will be stable and then it will grow significantly. In 2007 market research firm PhoCus estimated that domestic air traffic will be more than double and touch 86.1 million passengers by 2010, up from 32.2 million passengers in 2007. But after economic slowdown this estimate may take some time to achieve after 2010. Opportunities Aviation sector is going to play a major role in terms of employment in this sector. There is going to be huge demand for technical and administrative employees in this sector due to the vast growth of aviation sector in the future. Aviation sector is not only limited up to pilots and air-hostesses but there are many employment options in this sector which are related to aviation and without which industry cannot function. Some of the Operations jobs include: Pilots, airhostesses, air traffic controller, cabin safety instructor, in-flight managers, In-flight base managers, cabin services instructor, maintenance controllers, aircraft maintenance engineers, quality control manager, cargo officers and ground staff. There is also a wide range of positions on the ground and these include the services of mechanics, baggage handlers, ticket agents and reservations agents. Potential for Growth and its future The Indian Civil Aviation market was worth US$ 5.6 billion in 2008 which has grown at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 18 per cent. According to Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation (CAPA) the domestic traffic will increase by 25% to 30% till 2010. Also international traffic will grow by 15 per cent and total market will have more than 100 million passengers by 2010. At present the Indias civil aviation passenger growth is 20% and it is one of the highest in the world. By 2020, 400 million Indian passengers are likely to be airborne. More than 100 million passenger in which 60 million will be domestic passengers and around 3.4 million tons of cargo per annum are expected to handle by the Indian airports by 2020. There are many significant steps which are still to be taken by the government to propel growth in the Indian civil aviation sector. Indian government is already working on its plans to modernize existing airports by 2010 and is investing more than US$ 9 billion in the project. There is also a plan of the government to develop around 300 unused airstrips. Kapil Kaul, CEO India Middle East, Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation (CAPA), in an interview said that Indias civil aviation passenger growth is among the highest in the world. â€Å"The sector is slated to cruise far ahead of other Asian giants like China or even strong economies like France and Australia. The number of passengers who will be airborne by 2020 is a whopping 400 million.† The markets being as it is holds great promise for potential investors and numerous International no-frills budget carriers are making a beeline for India. With so much activity in the sector there is a tremendous need for personnel as well. While earlier, the airline industry was largely government owned and perceived as regulated and also a tad boring, with private and international players entering the market, opting for a career in the airlines has become both a lucrative and glamorous option To meet the growing demand, Indian scheduled carriers are placing major orders for aircraft. Based on press reports, Indian carriers placed orders over US $12 billion at the 2005 Paris Air Show. Of the 280 aircraft order received by Airbus, 135 are from Indian carriers. Moreover, of the $50 billion that Airbus can earn from these deals, the contribution of Indian carriers is over $15 billion. Airbus forecasts that the number of new aircraft it would sell to Indian carriers would go up to 400 by the year 2023. This will make the India the third largest market for new aircraft in Asia, behind China (1,790) and Japan (640), according to Airbus Global Market Forecast 2004-2023. The aviation industry is of the view that the European aircraft maker may have to again revise its projection upwards. The report further states that Boeing expects India to buy aircraft worth $35 billion in the next 20years. As per a press report, the Center for Asia Pacific Aviation (CAPA) estimates India domestic airlines would need 650 new aircraft by 2012, up from the current 210. Every new carrier launched in the country will need to buy a minimum of five aircraft to start operations, as stipulated under the license condition, in the next 12 months. Inter Globe Enterprises has placed firm orders for 100 aircraft worth $6.5 billion. The anticipated fleet augmentation planned by airlines of India are shown in Table Source DGCA It will be observed that India is likely to see large increase in aircraft registered in India and operation of such fleet would result in straining of aviation infrastructure. Policy decisions have been undertaken to enhance the airport infrastructure. Another component of aviation infrastructure that is of crucial importance to growth of Civil Aviation is up-gradation of capacity to train critical manpower. The training for making available operating crew and maintenance personnel is an expensive exercise and requires long gestation period. Prior to liberalization in early 90’s, the two State-owned airlines had established elaborate training infrastructure to train critical manpower for their needs. The training plans were evolved based on its fleet expansion plans. In the first phase of domestic market liberalization in early 90s the requirement of critical manpower had placed a strain on availability of this human resource. Large scale poaching of critical manpower from one airline to another had been resorted to. The growth of fleet in the first half of the current decade had again resulted in shortage of operating crew and maintenance personnel. The series of steps have been taken recently to meet the present shortfall of cockpit crew that include increase of eligibility age of pilots from 60 years to 65, permission to ex-pat pilots to operate airline services etc. Industry is still facing problem besides opening up of doors for foreign pilots. In fact DGCA has taken a lead role to alleviate the situation of shortage of pilots in all possible manners without compromising the safety aspects. Private airlines are equipping themselves with flight simulators for pilot training including recurrent checks. Indian Airlines has been inducting CPL holders for its training program at CTE Hyderabad. Air India has embarked on a planned program to cater to long-term requirement of pilots by resorting to induct trainees for outsourced training to PPL CPL level thus enabling them to be inducting into ab-initio training program at its training establishment. Based on the fleet augmentation plans of various airlines and expected increase in the number of airlines, the requirement of critical manpower is expected to be the key factor in maintaining sufficient operating capacity to meet the growing demand for air travel in the country. Demand For Operating Crew The requirement of operating crew, of which cockpit crew is most critical due to long gestation period in training and need for elaborate and expensive infrastructure involving training aides such as aircraft simulators and other equipment in addition to training aircraft. The demand for operating crew in the country is based on the combined fleet augmentation proposed by all existing scheduled airlines and the prospective entrants into the air transportation business. Apart from schedule operators, pilots are also required by a large number of existing non-scheduled operators involved in charter operations and also for corporate aircraft owned by large business houses. Since the unprecedented growth rates achieved in the domestic market, and huge orders placed by airlines for new aircraft to cater to expected passenger carriage in the market, government, airlines, and other research institutions involved in civil aviation have been making projections for pilots requirements in the country. The projection by various bodies are at variance depending upon their estimation of the size of the market and expectations of the fleet size. The Center for Asia Pacific Aviation (CAPA) estimates that Indias domestic airlines would need 650 new aircraft by 2012, up from the current 210. This projection results in annual induction of over 70 aircraft that would require over 500 pilots per year for the new aircraft yet to be inducted. While evaluating the emerging aviation scenario, Kaw Committee (2006) had the following to say about critical manpower requirements to meet future needs: â€Å"Induction of large number of aircraft would require more than thousand additional type-rated pilots and equally large number of type-rated engineers in span of a decade, to meet the growth requirements, in addition to the recurring requirement of the licensed personnel. At present, most of the private operators get their pilots and engineers trained at the facilities of aircraft manufacturers or approved training organizations abroad. Considering the huge potential of training engineers and pilots in the country, some agencies, including aircraft manufacturers are thinking of establishing type-training facilities in India. DGCA will have to be strengthened to conduct examinations and licensing of large number of pilots and engineers required to operate and maintain the additional aircraft being acquired†. Currently there are 1650 ALTP commercial pilots licensed by the DGCA to meet requirements of over 200 aircraft operated by scheduled airlines and 2300 CPL holders meeting the airlines and general aviation aircraft. There are about 500 expatriate pilots assisting airlines in keeping airlines aircraft flying. The total requirement of pilots that would have to be trained from initial stage should take into account natural wastage on account of superannuation. FAST estimates consolidated additional requirement of pilots for the Scheduled/ non-scheduled airlines and the corporate sector at around 3000 pilots during the five years (2007-2012). Broad estimation of the requirement is shown below in Table In the present civil aviation scenario, the fleet plans of various airlines can undergo changes keeping in view growth rates on micro basis and intensity of future competition. The projection of requirements of pilots on year-to-year basis is therefore fraught with uncertainties, but a projection of pilot requirement on a longer time horizon is likely to be more realistic. Demand for Pilot Training Apart from air transportation of passengers on scheduled services and corporate travel, another potential area that has not seen much development is the need of air transportation for disaster management and medical relief /evacuation. In the coming years the use of small aircraft /helicopters is likely to become prevalent and air linking of district centers with State capitals/ major towns will be necessary. Operation of aircraft for this sector of aviation will also add to requirements of pilots. It may be noted that there is great demand for Pilot Training in India that has arisen due to phenomenal growth in air travel spurred by economic growth during the past. The present policies of the Government of India pertaining to emphasis on infrastructure and services sector leads to a very positive economic outlook that will have impact on the air transportation sector. The growth of traffic recorded in recent years is likely to be sustained in the immediate future and is expected to stabilize at a reasonable level. The sustenance of this growth is dependent on the growth and development of Aviation infrastructure of which training of critical manpower is a very important feature. Type of Training Flying Training Institutes offer various levels of trainings for commercial flying. These include Private Pilot License (PPL), Commercial Pilot License (CPL), Multi-engine Rating, and Instrument rating; apart from Commercial Helicopter Pilot License, Flight Instructor License/Rating, and Airline Transport Pilot License. In the first phase it is proposed to impart training for PPL and CPL as these trainings involve flying training on single engine aircraft. For multi engine rating and IR rating, induction of twin-engine aircraft is required along with requisite training aids such as specific aircraft simulator. Eligibility Qualifications for Entry to PPL/ CPL course Candidates for PPL training should have completed Senior Secondary Examination (10+2). Minimum age of 17 years is prescribed for induction into the course. PPL holders would be eligible to be inducted for CPL training and should have PPL issued with 50 hours of flying and not less than 10 hours of solo flying within a period of preceding 12 months. The flying club issues student Pilot license after checking the general capability of the student to continue flying training such as enough leg space in the cockpit. Selection Procedure The selection of candidates may be done on the basis of a written examination followed by Pilot Aptitude Test and Interview. The written examination for entry into PPL course will be on general subjects such as English, Physics, Mathematics and Reasoning, where as for CPL written exam will be for subjects of Air Navigation, Aviation Met, Technical general and Air Regulations. Ground Courses and Flying Training Ground Courses: Topics for the ground courses that are laid down by DGCA for PPL and CPL along with duration are shown in Table 2.1. Trainee Intake Course Duration PPL Course: The Institute in the First Phase will cater to induction of a batch of 20 trainees for PPL course. Initially induction will be carried out twice a year. During the second year of operation of institute four batches of 20 trainees each are proposed to be inducted at three monthly intervals. Trainees are expected to complete PPL Course, Simulator and Flying Training in six months. The course work and part simulator training will be completed in three months followed by intensive flying training of 50 flying hours per trainee. CPL Course: The CPL course will commence during the second year of institutes’ functioning Training Infrastructure Flying and Gliding Clubs: It is observed that Flying and Gliding Clubs have been receiving financial assistance from the Central Government ever since their inception in 1928. This assistance gradually increased on the recommendation from various Committees set up for the purpose from time to time. It is also to be noted that in addition to receiving subvention from the Central Government most of the clubs were receiving grants and donations from the State Governments and other private organizations besides the revenue earned through: Flying fees paid by the trainees Membership fees/subscriptions etc. The subvention budget was raised to 3.5 crores by the Ministry of Civil Aviation. Later on this subvention was withdrawn except for SC/ST candidates. All the flying clubs except private one’s became sick due to non-subsidy to students as it was a great burden for pilot student to pay for full flying cost. Flying clubs are generally private bodies headed by Deputy Commissioner of the district, with Sr. public person and DGCA member on its board. Equipment i.e. aircraft are purchased by the Central Government (DGCA or Aero Club of India) and given to flying clubs but remain property of DGCA. Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Udan Academy (IGRUA) was set up in Fursatganj in U.P. to provide quality training to the pilots. The Academy envisaged a quantum improvement in the standards of flying and ground training of Commercial Pilots in the country. For this, the Academy is equipped with most modern and sophisticated trainer aircraft, up-to-date audiovisual training aids and other facilities for effective ground training. Highly qualified flying and ground instructors, with long experience in the field of aviation and flying training were recruited. Academy is funded by Ministry of Civil Aviation (Air India Indian) and is equipped with latest aircraft /simulator. It has produced a large number of pilots who are serving airlines. IGRUA charges Rs.16.5 lakhs for CPL training. IGRUA uses mainly TB-20 trainer aircraft and it charges per flying hour is Rs.12, 000/-. IGRUA have been permitted to admit 100 flying students per year. IGRUA is supported to the tune of Rs.10 crores (approximately) on its recurring annual account. Proposed Training Establishment At Gondia in Mahrashtra: Ministry of Civil Aviation (MCA) is in the process of setting up National Flying Training Institute (NFTI) at Gondia in Maharastra. MCA is concerned regarding shortage of world-class facilities for training the pilots in India to meet the large-scale demand of well-trained pilots. Ministry also envisages that specific infrastructure meeting the needs of International Standardized Flying Training including the research and development in the fields of pilot training, aviation related innovated and practical courses comparable to the requirements of standards of CAR, issued by DGCA (India). ICAO, FAA (of USA) and other international training centers of repute should be established. NFTI is a green field training center and aims to develop NFTI investment as viable economic units. NFTI may have institutional structure which meet the DGCA requirements for flying training. These are Society registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 Statutory body under an Act of Parliament Company incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 Foreign Training Institutes/ Schools: Indian flying students also go abroad for flying training and obtaining PPL and CPL in foreign Academies predominantly in USA, Canada and Australia. The pilots having successfully completed the training program receive license issued by Civil Aviation Authorities of respective countries. DGCA accepts the license of foreign aviation authority and endorses the license after passing of the students of three papers and flight check by the DGCA pilot. The duration of obtaining CPL license is comparatively much less and may cost about $US 20,000/- as fees. The student pilot also pays additional expenditure for boarding and lodging and traveling Process For Grant Of Approval For Flying Training Institute Approval for setting up Flying Training Institute is issued by the DGCA in accordance with CAR Section 7, Series â€Å"D† Part 1 issued in July 1999 and subsequently amended from time to time. This document details eligibility requirements, and describes the process in details along with minimum requirements relating to infrastructure, procedures and manpower for grant of approval This document is applicable for flying training activities with aircraft having maximum certified take off mass not exceeding 5700 kgs. The document also encloses formats for applicants to be utilized at various stages in the process. Eligibility requirements for issue of approval: Approval of organizations undertaking flying training activities can be granted to Central Government or state owned or controlled ones. Indian citizens, Nonresident Indian, or overseas corporate bodies can also apply for setting up flying training institutes. A company registered in India having its principal place of business within India with or without foreign equity participation (excluding NRI equity as approved by Government of India from time to time is covered in eligibility criteria. Stages of Approval Under the prescribed process, approvals are granted stage-wise. The stages are as under: Grant of Initial ‘No Objection Certificate’ Permission for import/ acquisition of Aircraft Grant of Approval Grant of Initial No Objection Certificate (NOC) Stage 1 Application is to be made to the Director General of Civil Aviation in prescribed format. For issue of initial NOC, Security clearance and FIPB approval (in case of foreign equity participation) is necessary. Application should contain following information with supporting documents. Following details are required to be furnished in the application: Memorandum of Articles of Association duly registered with the competent authority No Objection Certificate from Airports Authority of India from air traffic point of view No Objection Certificate from Owner of the airport for use of airport for setting up of training institute and for providing parking and Hangar space. Financial soundness of applicant Project report giving details of organization, manpower, training plans, infrastructure and equipment for the institute, source of funding, viability of project etc. Details of Directors of the Board and Chairman/ CEO for necessary security clearance Type and number of aircraft and simulator and source of procurement Submission of requisite fee Initial NOC will be granted after the application is found satisfactory from the point of view of need of training institute, airport capacity and constraints at the proposed airport, suitability of proposed aircraft type, aircraft maintenance arrangements etc. This NOC is valid for one and half years during which applicant will take necessary steps to comply with requirements and acquire final approval for starting the training institute. Issue of permission to import of Aircraft Stage 2 Initial NOC holder will take necessary steps to the satisfaction of DGCA for establishing required infrastructure, recruitment and training of manpower, preparation and approval of training manual, maintenance system manual, MEL, Maintenance schedules, security program etc. Initial NOC holder will furnish necessary information to show that the specific aircraft proposed to be imported meets the requirements for import of aircraft and that all mandatory modifications and airworthiness directives are complied. On demonstration of necessary preparedness the initial NOC holder will apply to the Ministry of Civil Aviation for grant of permission to import/ acquire aircraft in the prescribed format. The permission to import aircraft shall be valid for one year extendable by three months on one time basis. For new aircraft extension may be permitted for actual lead-time of the delivery. Grant of Approval Stage 3 For the final grant of approval institute shall have necessary training aids, Hangars, suitable space for aircraft maintenance, well lighted workshops and fire fighting / safety equipments. Well-marked and adequate parking bays and taxi tracks along with facilities for mooring should be available. Adequate space for engineering, maintenance, operations and classrooms should be in place. The institute should have a well equipped library with aviation books, literature, up to date flying training circulars/ compendium, CARs, AICs, AIP, Jeppson Charts route maps etc. Chief flight instructor/ Flight Instructor, in-charge and Quality control Manager should be recruited for whom DGCA approval is obtained. Adequate number of flight instructors, ground instructors and engineering personnel should be employed. Specific approval is necessary for employment of foreign licensed pilots/ engineers. On completion of necessary preparedness, applicant will apply to DGCA for grant of approval to the flying institute. The application should cover the following aspects: Particulars of specific aircraft with installation of mandatory instruments and equipment Certification of Registration and Certificate of airworthiness of the aircraft Approval of the maintenance organization Name, license/ approvals and endorsements of flight instructors/ engineers Comprehensive insurance policy covering aircraft, occupants and third party risks in accordance with requirement Compliance of relevant CAR and conditions for initial NOC if any Details of facilities, equipment, procedures and necessary manpower. On satisfactory review by the DGCA, a team constituted in DGCA will carry out inspection of the institute. If the institute meets all requirements DGCA will grant approval to the institute that shall be valid for one year and shall be renewed each year. Sources For Instructors The sources from where instructors could be recruited are as follows: From general aviation Indian Air Force International Market There is a shortage of instructors at present in the Indian aviation market. However, NEC can approach Indian Air force for instructors on deputation. The instructors can also be sourced from the International market. Company Profile (Foundation for Aviation and Sustainable Tourism) Vision of FAST Foundation for Aviation and Sustainable Tourism (FAST) to be a Think Tank evaluating policies and a Research Organization of Repute. About FAST(Foundation for Aviation and Sustainable Tourism) Foundation for Aviation and Sustainable Tourism(FAST) is an international. non-government, non-political, autonomous research organization was founded in the year 1992 .It is not working for the profit but its objective is to promote the Civil Aviation and Tourism in harmony with the environment and provides common platform for the industry and the government to find a workable solutions. Its main aim is to function as an institutional base for the study of all aspects with regard to civil aviation and tourism including their management Organization Former Secretary General, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), Dr. S.S.Siddhu is the founder Chairman of this organization. Lt. Gen (Retd.) K M Seth, PVSM, AVSM, former Governor of Tripura and Chattisgarh is the president. Former Executive Director, Airport Authority of India (AAI) Mr. Gurcharan Bhatura is the director general of FAST. Mr. B.K Joshi, former Joint Director General of Civil Aviation is the secretary general. Board of trustees FAST is managed by the board with following trustees: Lt. Gen. (Retd.) K.M. Seth PVSM, AVSM Former Governor of Tripura Chattisgarh Mr. N.N. Jha IAS (Retd.) Mr. B.N. Jha,IAS (Retd.) Mr. Uma S Bhartia, Manager Director India Glycols Ltd Mr. P.R.S. Oberoi CMD, East India Hotels (Oberoi group of hotels) Mr. Siddhanta Sharma, Chairman Spice Jet Mr. VP Agrawal, Member (Planning) AAI Mr. Gurcharan Bhatura, Director General, FAST. Executive Council Lt. Gen. (Retd.) K.M. Seth AVSM, PVSM former Governor of Tripura Chhattisgarh, President FAST Mr. M. P. Bezbaruah, IAS (Retd.) Mr. Raghu Menon, CMD, National Aviation Company of India Limited Mr. Anil Bhandari, MD International Travel House Ltd Mr. Kanu Gohain, Director General Civil Aviation Mr. Parvez Dewan, CMD India Tourism Development Corporation Mr. R. Krishnan, Consulting Editor Cruising Heights Mr. Raman Sidhu India Head, Corp Affairs Fidelity international Mr. MM Bhagat, Chairman Bhagat Group Mr. Gurcharan Bhatura, Director and Secretary General Mr. B. K. Joshi, Treasurer Corporate Members and Members from industry There are many members of this organization which is from the aviation industry. Some are as follows : Mr.Naresh Goyal – (

AI and American History :: essays research papers

â€Å"Artificial Intelligence And America†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Artificial Intelligence played a crucial role in our American history and the history of the world. Some view it as the vain pursuit of man to become god-like and create life, others, as the next logical step in computer technology. However, the conclusion is not nearly the most important part of it. The process of the pursuit of the creation of mechanical sentient life has also led to a much deeper understanding of how our own biological minds work, creating new methods to treat brain diseases, and other brain related disorders. Through this, life is longer sustained, but modern life itself would not exist without some AI programs today. Several AI programs control the stock market, and the military has countless uses for it, and we even rely on it at home. AI has advanced greatly since it began, bringing neurology with it, and modern America could not function today without it. ‘Computers are nothing to be afraid of’. An idea clung to like a religion by IBM promotional people in the late 1970’s. That’s when the first AI programs were being produced and the public became concerned over basically, whether or not computers would take over the world. IBM raced to put the public’s fears to rest, so they created an ad-campaign. Pretty soon, every salesperson for IBM was parroting the phrase: â€Å"Computers are nothing but quick morons†. This seemed to halt the fears of the public, but as long as AI research progressed, the uneasiness continued. Computers can process information at speeds thousands of times faster then the human brain, but can only do as they are instructed. So, what happens when there instructed to learn from their mistakes, or react with their surroundings? What constitutes intelligence? The earliest attempts at AI were at making computers sentient, based on the theory that something must be alive to have intelligence. Needless to say, this didn’t work out and left many disappointed investors and researchers alike. Later on though, scientists found that the problem early AI developers had been that they tried to take too big of a step. They believed if they could just create qualities of intelligence in a machine and the rest will stem from there. One of the major off products in artificial intelligence was the further study our own brains. The theory is that if we can make a machine that can accomplish and display the process behind a complex human task, then we can be shown how we work by our own creation.

In Focus: Hymoptera

Spiders are perhaps the most popular insects at present, due to the worldwide release of the movie, Spiderman. Most of us have been dreaming of being bitten by an insect and using its capabilities to be of help to society – as super heroes! When I was a child, bees and wasps running around the garden terrified me.Carrying on, fear for these insects sparked interest in me to study them, specifically about how these insects complete the balance of nature. This large group of inects belong to Hymenopetra, consisting of sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants.As such, the group was given the name referring to the membranous wings of the majority of the insects making up the population. The major role played by this group is that of being pollinators for flowering plants; thus, plants would not be able to reproduce without the help of this insects. All organisms have their own way of protecting themselves. Insects accord such self-protection by its horny or leathery cuticle for defense. Mo reover, the dermal glands of various insects are capable of producing chemical substances that can cause itching to other organisms, birds in particular.For many hymenopterans, the poisons produced are from the plants they feed on. In female hymenopterans, their reproductive system has been modified; being capable of producing toxic proteins. Once injected onto its prey this causes paralysis to the nervous system. Stings are also used by hymenopterans for protecting themselves like that of wasps, bees and ants. These insects are also capable of blending to their environment, making it hard for their enemies to find them. The cells have its moving pigment granules, hence allowing the coloration to occur (Agren and Hallberg, 1996; 443)The chemical communication among Hymenopterans is important in predicting their behavior. Among Hymenopterans who are of the social kind, there are several glands producing volatile secretion. The antennae are the most important body structure in perceiv ing signals. Also their body structures can be used to map out the population, insects having the same antenna structure would belong to the same group, performing a particular function (Felicioli, Romani and Bin, 1998; 140). The chemical defenses and poisons produced do not only serve as protection but as a warning as well. Most hymenopterans are of the social kind.The Dufour gland of Pulvergus rufuscens has been proven to vary as well, depending on the position that the insect has in its society. Queens have a hypertrophied gland with extended lumen and a thin epithelium indicating that it is not active in secretion, while the workers have thicker linings for secretory purposes. Hence, these insects have their status in their own society, doing its particular function as a member of its group (Grasso, et. al, 2004; 152). Hymenopterans particularly the ones belonging to superfamily Proctotrupidea are very small but are considered pests for rice, sugar, jute and cotton.The variety o f these hymenopterans are vast, thus the roles they have in nature are also different. There are some species belonging to the same group, acting as pollinators, serving the plants and man while there are those particularly the Proctotrupoidea, who are pests for man (Bin and Vinson, 1986; 132). Pesticides and other chemicals have been used for toxifying these insects. Hymenopterans, particularly the bees are capable of producing substances that are toxic for humans. The honey they obtained from the nectars of different flowers can be toxic and psychoactive for humans.Honey produced from the nectar of Azalea pontica has alkaloids which are very poisonous for humans but not for bees. The Roman soldiers who ate honey during the time of Pompey the Great became delirious and vomited the honey, causing their easy defeat. Moreover, honey from Andromeda flowers has grayanotoxins which can paralyze the limbs and diaphragm, resulting to death (Mclaren and Rotundo, 1985; 74). The chemical subs tances produced from the body of these insects are for self-protection. If stung by its antenna, one undergoes the process of natural body healing.Antidotes and medicines are not precscribed. The chemical produced by Ichneumon eumerus wasp and Maculinea rebeli butterfly in western Europe has resulted in Myrmica schencki ants being used as pawns. The ants are deceived as its accepts the caterpillar into their colony while the wasp uses its own substances to make the caterpillar as ant’s prey. If these chemicals can be synthesized, it can take the place of toxin used as ant traps (Grasso et. al, 2004; 152). Therapeutic gains from the chemical substances derived from these organisms are yet to be proven.Still, their role as pollinators for flowering plants is the major role they play in maintaining the balance of nature. As for the energy relations of these organisms to humans and the environment, biomass energy from plants is being used by this group to permit pollination. Furt her, the energy given off by these insects to plants is used by man as the latter eats the plant. In addition, as these organisms decay, it gives back the energy to the soil which will be of further use for man (Mclaren and Rotundo, 1985; 75). Though insects are one the major populations existing, the claims of man evolving from these creatures seem not plausible.The genetic traces used by some scientists and researches must be further studied. The chemical processes and the internal features of this group must be further examined to give precise results suggesting its importance to man and the environment. References Agren L. , Hallberg E. (1996) Flagellar sensilla of bumble bee males (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus), Apidologie 27, 433–444. Bin F. , Vinson S. B. (1986) Morphology of the antennal sex-gland in male Trissolcus basalis (Woll. ) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), an egg parasitoid of the green stink bug, Nezara viridula(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Int. J. Insect Morphol. 15 , 129–138. Felicioli A. , Isidoro N. , Romani R. , Bin F. (1998) Ethological and morphological analysis of behavior in Osmia cornuta Latr. (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), Insect Soc. Life 2, 137–144. Grasso, D. , Mori,A. , Le Moli, F. , and Johan Billen. (2004). Morpho-functional comparison of the Dufour gland in the female castes of the Amazon ant Polyergus rufescens (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) . Zoomorphology. 124. (3). 149-153. McLaren, J. , and Rotundo, L. (1985). Biology. D. C. Heath and Company. Lexington, Massachusettes. 67-75.

Health Problem Expressions in Japanese

Here are some expressions to describe physical conditions in Japanese. Pain is usually described using the adjective itai (painful, sore).   atama ga itai to have a headache ha ga itai to have a toothache nodo ga itai to have a sore throat onaka ga itai to have a stomachache seki ga deru to have a cough hana ga deru to have a runny nose netsu ga aru to have a fever samuke ga suru to have a chill karada ga darui to feel a lack of energy shokuyoku ga nai to have no appetite memai ga suru to feel dizzy kaze o hiku to catch a cold You should also learn the vocabulary of body parts. When describing your conditions to a doctor, ~n desu is often added at the end of the sentence. It has an explanatory function. To express I have a cold, kaze o hikimashita  Ã© ¢ ¨Ã©â€š ªÃ£â€šâ€™Ã£  ²Ã£  Ã£  ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿ or kaze o hiiteimasu  Ã© ¢ ¨Ã©â€š ªÃ£â€šâ€™Ã£  ²Ã£ â€žÃ£  ¦Ã£ â€žÃ£  ¾Ã£ â„¢ is used. Atama ga itai n desu. I have a headache. Netsu ga aru n desu. I have a fever. Here is how to express degrees of pain. totemo itai very painful sukoshi itai a little bit painful Onomatopoeic expressions  are also used to express degrees of pain. Gan gan  Ã£ Å'ん㠁Å'ã‚“ or zuki zuki  Ã£ Å¡Ã£  Ã£ Å¡Ã£   is used to describe headaches. Zuki zuki  Ã£ Å¡Ã£  Ã£ Å¡Ã£   or shiku shiku  Ã£ â€"㠁 Ã£ â€"㠁  is used for toothaches and kiri kiri  Ã£  Ã£â€šÅ Ã£  Ã£â€šÅ  or shiku shiku  Ã£ â€"㠁 Ã£ â€"㠁  for stomachaches. gan gan pounding headache zuki zuki throbbing pain shiku shiku dull pain kiri kiri sharp continuous pain hiri hiri burning pain chiku chiku prickly pain